The Cheltenham Badlands in Ontario are a stunning example of the region's unique geological history. Formed over 450 million years ago during the Ordovician period, these striking red and green hills are composed of Queenston Shale, which is rich in iron oxide. This gives the Badlands their distinctive rust-red hue. The exposed shale was originally covered by a layer of soil, but intensive farming practices in the early 20th century led to severe soil erosion, revealing the underlying shale. The erosion created the characteristic rolling landscape seen today. The site has since been recognized for its geological significance and is protected to preserve its unique formations and prevent further erosion. The Cheltenham Badlands serve as a vivid reminder of the interplay between natural history and human activity.